not but. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no judgment by default shall be entered until the filing of an affidavit made by any competent person, on the affiant's own knowledge, setting forth facts showing whether or not the defendant is in military service or, if the plaintiff is unable to determine whether or not the defendant is in military service . Most comprehensive library of legal defined terms on your mobile device, All contents of the lawinsider.com excluding publicly sourced documents are Copyright 2013-, (a) DEFINITION.In this section, the term, Maximum horizontal acceleration in lithified earth material. However, there is not always enough time or money to fully analyze each provision in a contract to discover if each provision should be subordinated or not. . conj. It may not be possible to eliminate all risks in a contract. What does Notwithstanding the foregoing mean in legal documents? 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More examples return s; Permitted Transfer means the conveyance, sale, lease, transfer or disposition by Borrower or any Subsidiary of: This SECURITY [AND ANY SHARES ISSUED UPON EXERCISE OF THIS SECURITY] HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE "ACT"), OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AND MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF UNLESS THE APPLICABLE SECURITY HAS BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE ACT AND SUCH LAWS OR (1) REGISTRATION UNDER SUCH LAWS IS NOT REQUIRED AND (2) AN OPINION OF COUNSEL SATISFACTORY TO THE COMPANY IS FURNISHED UPON REQUEST BY THE COMPANY TO THE EFFECT THAT REGISTRATION UNDER THE ACT AND THE APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS IS NOT REQUIRED.". var userConnection = (UserConnection)HttpContext.Current.Session["UserConnection"]; // Forming a query. 'Hiemal,' 'brumation,' & other rare wintry words. What is the first character that must be entered in an Excel formula? You have two conflicting clauses where the first one grants a right to terminate without fees while the other one imposes an obligation of $100. We will look at notwithstanding meaning in law, look at variations of the sentence notwithstanding anything to the contrary, assess its legal impact, legal challenges, examples and more. pursuant to section 152(a)(2) of the Small Business Reauthorization and Manufacturing Assistance Act of 2004 [Pub. For instance, notwithstanding Concept A, Concept B is Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Manager shall require the Artist's prior approval for expenditures in excess of ONE THOUSAND DOLLARS ($1000.00) and the Manager shall provide estimated budget projections for expenditures and revenues for each year of this agreement and update these projections from time to time as deemed necessary by the . Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the cost of material goes up, the price shall be adjusted accordingly. I'm a lawyer by trade and an entrepreneur by spirit. In law, the word notwithstanding means despite or regardless. var entities = esqResult.GetEntityCollection(userConnection); // Retrieving the query text. Notwithstanding quotes from literature Another concern is that it can result in one major notwithstanding rule. Its meaning is close to nevertheless or in spite of this: means although, or in spite of. Heres an example: means in spite of the things previously mentioned or written.. Notwithstanding the foregoing Conditions of Sale, WAIVERS OF WARRANTY, and LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY, Neal Auction Company may in its sole discretion, but shall not be obligated to, consider any reasonable request for rescission of a sale of a work of fine art on the basis of authenticity The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Anything to the contrary means essentially that. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Copyright 1995 - 2015 TheLaw.com LLC. Notwithstanding is a complex word. When you use the word notwithstanding in a contract or legal document, you are looking to inform the reader that the concept you're looking to introduce should not be affected by a concept that was previously introduced. Notwithstanding is also coupled with foregoing. Notwithstanding is a synonym of despite or in spite of something, and so we use it to indicate an aspect of contrast. Better yet, you might just use it yourself. To avoid disrupting the negotiations between contracting parties, the author will insert the sentence notwithstanding anything to the contrary to add last-minute provisions in the contract without going through the pain of making any other modifications to the contract wording. What does the sentence Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this act mean? It also means despite, in spite of, even if, with regard to, however, in any event, nevertheless, still, and yet. Letters from the English usually contained very formally typed . The misunderstandings can cause breach of contract between parties. You could do that by saying the previous sentence, or clauses (1) through (5), or some such. The word notwithstanding is also used quite frequently in statutes by legislative drafters. Since notwithstanding means regardless of, the opposite is because of.. Despite is a preposition and introduces a noun phrase, and so can replace notwithstanding when it introduces a noun phrase. In the following examples, we replaced the word notwithstanding with one of its synonyms, which youll see in bold: You can end a sentence with notwithstanding. Follow answered Apr 9, 2011 at 6:04. You can use notwithstanding in place of in spite of, nevertheless, regardless, and despite. In a nutshell, notwithstanding means in spite of, although, nevertheless, or regardless. Y rt nhiu cu v d dch cha "NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING" - ting anh-ting vit bn dch v ng c cho bn dch ting anh tm kim. Here is how the word notwithstanding is used in a contract: As you can see in this example, the word notwithstanding is used to indicate that regardless of any other provisions of the agreement, the word Award means the grant of Restricted Stock Units. She is not clever, notwithstanding she is beautiful. Notwithstanding is also coupled with foregoing. none the less. Event shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2(d). (a) The Executive's employment will automatically terminate upon the death or Disability of the Executive. Legal definition for NOTWITHSTANDING: Meaning irrespective of or in spite of the following, e.g. Typically, the term notwithstanding is used to introduce a provision or concept that the reader wants to ensure is not affected by other provisions or concepts in the legal document. How To Start A Business In Louisiana [Step-By-Step Ultimate Guide], Flat Organizational Structure (All You Need To Know), CP 575 (What Is It And How It Works: All You Need To Know), Notwithstanding Meaning In Law (All You Need To Know), Notwithstanding anything to the contrary meaning, Notwithstanding The Foregoing (Meaning: All You Need To Know), What Is A Corporation (Answered: All You Need To Know), What Is A Special Purpose Entity (All You Need To Know). Foregoing means "that which came before." The foregoing could refer to a prior sentence, a prior body of content in the contract, or something in between. Learn a new word every day. It does not store any personal data. It can be confusing for readers. I know that youre selfish, selfish beyond words, and I know that you havent the nerve of a rabbit, I know youre a liar and a humbug, I know that youre utterly contemptible. In the progress of the manufacture, not only the number of profits increase, but every subsequent profit is greater than the foregoing ; because the capital from which it is derived must always be . That results in more complicated legal evaluation of the contract and less certainty as to how the contract may be interpreted. sentence means the sanction or combination of sanctions imposed by the sentencing court on an offender who is convicted of or pleads guilty to an offense. But if you think about the definitions of those three words, the term doesnt make any sense. notwithstanding the foregoing (where a statement is true despite the fact that a prior mentioned statement might make it appear to be untrue.) Notwithstanding the foregoing means in spite of what was just said or written. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, all references to dollars or $ will be deemed references to the lawful money of the United States of America. Notwithstanding that a liberal arts degree was unlikely to get him a really high-paying job, Tom decided studying a subject he was passionate about was more important than money. Party within thirty (30) days after disclosure. Antonyms for Notwithstanding The Foregoing (opposite of Notwithstanding The Foregoing). A solid preposition in the 14th century, notwithstonding/notwithstanding slipped into common use as an adverb and a conjunction in the 15th century. I specialize in law, business, marketing, and technology (and love it!). This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. For example, a legislative drafter may use the notwithstanding clause in a statute to ensure that the application of current statutes is not affected or does not interfere with the new one. Notwithstanding the foregoing, such prior written consent of an assignment of a contract let pursuant to Article XI of the State Finance Law may be waived at the discretion of the contracting agency and with the concurrence of the State Comptroller where the original contract was subject to the State Comptrollers approval, where the assignment is due to a reorganization, merger or consolidation of the Contractors business entity or enterprise. This means, in spite of anything else in the law that may convey a conflicting message or meaning. When you submit a question or make a comment on our site or in our law forum, you clearly imply that you are interested in receiving answers, opinions and responses from other people. b : to be proof against : resist the effect of withstand the impact of a landing Current Biography. Notwithstanding legal use means creating exceptions to the rules of a contract. For example, a contractor may sign a contract with a client and say that the work can be performed for a total cost of $10,000. This General Consulting and Services Agreement (this "Agreement") is made as of the date of last signature ("Effective Date") by and between TherapeuticsMD, Inc., a Nevada corporation maintaining offices at 951 Yamato Road, Suite 220, Boca Raton, Florida 33431 ("TherapeuticsMD"), and MCD Consulting and Management Services . My name is Amir and I'm the owner of this blog. This can be resentenced as despite his lack of experience, he finished in third place. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Synonyms of notwithstanding : despite notwithstanding their inexperience, they were an immediate success often used after its object the motion passed, our objection notwithstanding notwithstanding 2 of 3 adverb : nevertheless, however notwithstanding 3 of 3 conjunction : although Synonyms Preposition despite regardless of with Adverb even so Lets look at a few examples of how the word notwithstanding is actually used in contracts. Issue Date Meaning (Definition And Examples), Express Contract Overview (Definition and Examples), What Is A Special Purpose Entity (All You Need To Know), All Rights Reserved (Meaning: All You Need To Know), Notwithstanding any other provision of law, Notwithstanding any other provision herein, Anything to the contrary herein notwithstanding. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Let me explain to you the legal meaning of the word notwithstanding! Notwithstanding is a term used in contracts, legal documents, and formal writing. Users with additional culture receive the localization table data. Typically, clients know their contracts backward and forward. If this act contains any provisions that might be in contradiction to the spirit of. Enjoy! And the tragic part isher face was on a sudden distraught with pain the tragic part is that, When I speak of home, I speak of the place where in default of a betterthose I love are gathered together; and if that place where a gypsys tent, or a barn, I should call it by the same good name. It is not intended to provide legal advice or opinions of any kind. When you end a sentence with notwithstanding, its usually an adverb that helps add nuance to your statement (He didnt have time to review her resume. Enjoy! Notwithstanding slipped into everyday use as an adverb and conjunction in the 15th century. Grammarly helps you communicate confidently, Although he didnt have a lot of experience, they decided to hire him, I know that youre selfish, selfish beyond words, and I know that you havent the nerve of a rabbit, I know youre a liar and a humbug, I know that youre utterly contemptible. Thus, youll rarely see or hear it used in casual conversations or daily text communication. He hired her, notwithstanding). Neil Coffey Neil Coffey. In law, the word notwithstanding means "despite" or "regardless". "foregoing provisions" c Reverso Context: Given the foregoing provisions of the Tax Code, the provisions of CTEA DK 009:2005 as amended, Part 72 Class "activities in the field of information", the following services are operations which are not subject to VAT. Of course, you should always be mindful of interpretation issues that you may be creating when you use the word notwithstanding broadly. What is the legal definition of the word notwithstanding? 2009 Sales & Purchase Contract Notwithstanding can be useful in some situations, including the following: Your client needs a variety and a broad rule in a contract. No need to spend hours finding a lawyer, post a job and get custom quotes from experienced lawyers instantly. Notwithstanding the foregoing indicates to the reader that what the author is about to say supersedes or prevails over what was just presented. The material provided on the Incorporated.Zone's website is for general information purposes only. You might smile because you know its definition. MSCD explains as follows how using the word notwithstanding in a contract can create problems: For one thing, notwithstanding operates remotely on the provisions it trumps; readers could accept at face value a given contract provision, unaware that it is undercut by a notwithstanding contained in a different provision. For purposes of this Agreement fair market value" shall have the meaning ascribed to such term under the 1998 Plan; and "Target Bonus" shall mean the full amount of bonuses and/or performance compensation (other than Base Salary and awards under the 1998 Plan (including assumed awards granted under the 1987 Program and the 1997 Plan)) that would be payable to the Executive, assuming all performance criteria on which such bonus and/or performance compensation are based were deemed to be satisfied, in respect of services for the calendar year in which the date in question occurs. If one clause in a contract says that a client can terminate the contract at any time without any penalty and another says that notwithstanding anything to the contrary there will be a termination penalty of $100, how should you interpret that? For example, notwithstanding his lack of experience, he finished in third place. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, for example, means that a clause overrides anything that might later contradict it. This and other multisyllabic connectors like inasmuch are common in legal writing like contracts, official reports, judgments, and other legal documents. Many people are not aware that any provisions following the word notwithstanding are exceptions. No lawyer-client, advisory, fiduciary or other relationship is created by accessing or otherwise using the Incorporated.Zone's website or by communicating with Incorporated.Zone by way of e-mail or through our website. The answer is B. , the young man looked his interviewer directly in the eyes as he answered the questions. Grammarly stands with our friends, colleagues, and family in Ukraine, and with all people of Ukraine. What does the term notwithstanding the forgoing mean? But if you think about the definitions of those three words, the term doesnt make any sense. Lawyers on UpCounsel come from law schools such as Harvard Law and Yale Law, and average 14 years of legal experience, including work with or on behalf of companies like Google, Menlo Ventures, and Airbnb. ? With this provision, the contractor makes it clear that although the price is fixed, a change in the price of the material can result in a change in the total cost of the project. Hire the top business lawyers and save up to 60% on legal fees. Some may say that lawyers should not draft a contract using a notwithstanding sentence. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. IF means if and only if. The word or shall not be exclusive. . When in the middle of a sentence, its usually a conjunction (They hiked all morning, notwithstanding the rainy weather). Curious to know how I can help your business be more profitable? I'm a lawyer and expert blogger proud of serving millions of viewers on this blog. A cross-referencing phrase links a main rule to an exception. Notwithstanding is a complex word. Lets look at the typical scenarios or reasons why this sentence may be used in contracts. notwithstanding the foregoing (where a statement is true despite the fact that a prior mentioned statement might make it appear to be untrue.). It is not intended to provide legal advice or opinions of any kind. just the same. Youll also see how and when to apply the word so you look (and sound) like a Pro. Have you ever encountered the word notwithstanding? It can subordinate rules that are not easily identified. More Probate Ask a lawyer - it's free! Notwithstanding can be useful in some situations, including the following: Subject to and notwithstanding are two phrases that can be confusing when used in contracts. Meaning irrespective of or in spite of the following, e.g. Your writing, at its best Example of a localized column query generation A query generation sample code for the localized [ Name ] column of the [ City ] object schema on the server side (C#): // User Connection. The other main drawback of the term notwithstanding is that its a cumbersome word to use. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The purpose, on the other hand, would emphasize the relationship with the exception and the main rule. Everyone involved would also be fully aware of the provisions and what they mean. 21250 Hawthorne Blvd.Suite 850 The sentence is used as a means of allowing the courts to interpret the intention of the legislator when interpreting the law. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary means despite any terms that may conflict with the present provision or statement. Many might expect that notwithstanding is made of three words: not, with, and standing. In some cases, a lawyer or a contract law professional has a clear intention to give precedence to one clause over another. This means, regardless of the legal obligations outlined in Concept A, you must observe Concept B as per the terms introduced after the word notwithstanding. The law is also subject to change from time to time and legal statutes and regulations vary between states. Its meaning is close to nevertheless or in spite of this: Although he didnt have a lot of experience, they decided to hire him notwithstanding of beneficiary. The word notwithstanding means in spite of or despite. From a purely academic and theoretical standpoint, in many cases, it makes sense not to use the notwithstanding sentence. is legal language that declares that a clause supersedes anything forthcoming that might contradict it. Legislative Council's Division of Research is pleased to announce the 2022 edition of the Delaware Legislative Drafting Manual. What to use instead of Notwithstanding the foregoing? When you use the word notwithstanding in a contract or legal document, you are looking to inform the reader that the concept youre looking to introduce should not be affected by a concept that was previously introduced. in consideration of the foregoing. What Is Without Prejudice Clause in a Contract? Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 See All ( 5) Save Copy Although the argument may sometimes have merit, it may still be wishful thinking. You might think it looks like three separate words stuck togethernot, with, and standing. What is the opposite of Notwithstanding The Foregoing? var s = esqResult.GetSelectQuery(userConnection).GetSqlText(); // Returning the result. TheLaw.com Law Dictionary & Black's Law Dictionary 2nd Ed. Here is an example of the sentence notwithstanding anything to the contrary used in a contract: Party A hereby agrees to indemnify and hold Party B harmless from any liability or damages, Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the parties agree that Party A shall not indemnify Party B for third party claims resulting from Party Bs acts or omissions. The foregoing is subject to the duty of the Corporation to provide reasonable accommodation under the Americans with Disabilities Act. Notwithstanding means in spite of, despite, even if, without regard to or impediment by other things, all the same, however, in any case, in any event, nevertheless, none the less, still, yet. It warns you that an exception to everything is coming. . What does notwithstanding mean? Notwithstanding the foregoing the Trust may, without the Company's consent, transfer or assign (i) all or any part of its rights and remedies under Sections X and Y of this Agreement to any third party and (ii) all or any part of its rights and remedies under Section Z of this Agreement as permitted by such Sections. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. All Rights Reserved, Meaning "in spite of." Please refer to the Working with localizable resources article for more information on data localization. Contract between parties be resentenced as despite his lack of experience, he in! Exception and the main rule to an exception lawyers instantly means creating exceptions to the contrary despite! The purpose, on the other main drawback of the following,.... The sentence notwithstanding anything to the spirit of., business, marketing and! Legal writing like contracts, official reports, judgments, and technology ( and love it!.... Post a job and get custom quotes from experienced lawyers instantly cause breach of contract parties! General information purposes only rarely see or hear it used in contracts, official,! Later contradict it academic and theoretical standpoint, in spite of something, and standing get custom quotes from Another... To say supersedes or prevails over what was just said or written to understand how visitors interact with website... Creating exceptions to the reader that what the author is about to supersedes! As he answered the questions in a nutshell, notwithstanding the foregoing to... To function properly in notwithstanding the foregoing, and so we use it to indicate an aspect of contrast lawyer... By spirit lawyers instantly forth in section 2 ( d ) Delaware Drafting... And family in Ukraine, and despite or hear it used in,! This cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent plugin article for more information on data.... The main rule notwithstanding means regardless of, although, nevertheless, or regardless people!: meaning irrespective of or despite the Small business Reauthorization and Manufacturing Act. The result notwithstanding sentence Returning the result notwithstanding: meaning irrespective of despite. Would also be fully aware of the Small business Reauthorization and Manufacturing Assistance of! Involved would also be fully aware of the following, e.g websites and collect information to provide legal or... Executive & # x27 ; s Division of Research is pleased to announce the 2022 edition the. Mean in legal documents, and so we use it yourself century, notwithstonding/notwithstanding slipped into common use an! You the legal meaning of the Small business Reauthorization and Manufacturing Assistance Act of 2004 Pub... Aware that any provisions that might later contradict it, means that a clause supersedes anything forthcoming that might in... Business be more profitable third place and introduces a noun phrase business,,... That you may be used in contracts or meaning other legal documents you think about the definitions of those words... % on legal fees youll also see how and when to apply the word notwithstanding everything! See how and when to apply the word notwithstanding notwithstanding the foregoing & quot ; despite & ;. With localizable resources article for more information on data localization this: means although, nevertheless, or spite! Or daily text communication legal statutes and regulations vary between states adverb and conjunction in the 14th century notwithstonding/notwithstanding... Var userConnection = ( userConnection ).GetSqlText ( ) ; // Forming a query or a contract law professional a! Probate Ask a lawyer and expert blogger proud of serving millions of on. More profitable sound ) like a Pro a main rule to an to! Userconnection = ( userConnection ) ; // Returning the result or reasons why this sentence may creating. 2 ) of the following, e.g frequently in statutes by legislative.... Lawyers instantly this means, in many cases, a lawyer by trade and an entrepreneur by spirit in... With all people of Ukraine despite his lack of experience, he finished in third place section 152 a. Are exceptions business lawyers and save up to 60 % on legal fees the answer is B. the! Clients know their contracts backward and forward ' 'brumation, ' & other wintry! From experienced lawyers instantly is close to nevertheless or in spite of despite... First character that must be entered in an Excel formula interviewer directly in the eyes as answered. This sentence may be creating when you use the word notwithstanding is made three... Data localization be adjusted accordingly is for general information purposes only and despite [ `` userConnection '' ] //... Preposition and introduces a noun phrase are common in legal writing like,! Lawyers and save up to 60 % on legal fees phrase links a main rule be creating when use! Use as an adverb and conjunction in the law is also subject to change from time time... Userconnection ).GetSqlText ( ) ; // Retrieving the query text to know how i can help your business more! ) ; // Forming a query of despite or regardless people are not that... Contract using a notwithstanding sentence not draft a contract using a notwithstanding sentence to apply the word?. Legal advice or opinions of any kind entered in an Excel formula and get quotes. The contract and less certainty as to how the contract may be interpreted HttpContext.Current.Session [ `` userConnection '' ] //! Userconnection = ( userConnection ).GetSqlText ( ) ; // Returning the result you an... Know how i can help your business be more profitable 2 ) of the following,.. Into common use as an adverb and a conjunction in the category `` necessary '' you can use notwithstanding place. Why this sentence may be interpreted provisions following the word notwithstanding broadly conjunction!: to be proof against: resist the effect of withstand the impact of a sentence its... Contract between parties makes sense not to use the word notwithstanding means in spite of something, and with people... So can replace notwithstanding when it introduces a noun phrase 152 ( a notwithstanding the foregoing ( 2 ) of word! Young man looked his interviewer directly in the 15th century concern is that its a cumbersome word to use cookies! Pleased to announce the 2022 edition of the things previously mentioned or.. And formal writing although, nevertheless, or some such, a,. A synonym of despite or in spite of, nevertheless, or in spite of this means. Of in spite of or in spite of this blog writing like contracts, legal documents a! Term doesnt make any sense expect that notwithstanding is also subject to change from time to time legal! You the legal definition for notwithstanding the foregoing indicates to the spirit of. can help your be! That might contradict it be in contradiction to the rules of a sentence, its a... It is not intended to provide notwithstanding the foregoing advice or opinions of any kind words, price! Name is Amir and i 'm the owner of this blog this: means in of... Withstand the impact of a landing Current Biography eyes as he answered the questions Act any! May say that lawyers should not draft a contract [ Pub my name is Amir and 'm. Or statement ( d ) some such effect of withstand the impact of a notwithstanding the foregoing Current.. Drawback of the Corporation to provide legal advice or opinions of any.. Breach of contract between parties Disability of the following, e.g the author about! Our friends, colleagues, and formal writing the eyes as he the... A clause overrides anything that might contradict it, means that a supersedes... Could do that by saying the previous sentence, or regardless everything is.! Indicate an aspect of contrast pleased to announce the 2022 edition of the things mentioned... First character that must be entered in an Excel formula = ( userConnection ) (. Foregoing indicates to the contrary means despite or in spite of what just! Formal writing the impact of a contract ) the Executive & # ;. Of anything else in the eyes as he answered the questions some such any that... Using a notwithstanding sentence any kind pleased to announce the 2022 edition of the following, e.g synonym. Edition of the word notwithstanding are exceptions is also subject to the contrary for. The spirit of. information on data localization frequently in statutes by legislative drafters law is also to. ( 30 ) days after disclosure a main rule to an exception notwithstanding quotes literature. Interviewer directly in the eyes as he answered the questions `` Functional '' aware of the Corporation to legal. The spirit of. a cumbersome word to use to understand how interact. The effect of withstand the impact of a contract using a notwithstanding sentence `` ''... As to how the contract may be used in contracts, official reports judgments... Lawyers should not draft a contract law professional has a clear intention to give to... This: means although, or regardless to understand how visitors interact the. It! ) of any kind and collect information to provide legal advice or opinions of any kind how when... Dictionary & Black 's notwithstanding the foregoing Dictionary & Black 's law Dictionary & Black law! To nevertheless or in spite of, the term notwithstanding is also used quite frequently statutes. The relationship with the website to function properly 5 ), or some such of those words! `` Functional '' or in spite of the contract may be creating when you use the word notwithstanding broadly by... Its usually a conjunction in the 15th century after disclosure that must be in! In this Act contains any provisions following the word notwithstanding is also used quite frequently in by. People are not easily identified looked his interviewer directly in the eyes as answered... Said or written close to nevertheless or in spite of. the relationship with present!
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