Photographs of Japan
[3] His health deteriorated around 10 January 1890 and doctors reported his condition as the flu attacked his nervous system leaving the young king in a state of indolence. An avenue in the northern Madrid neighbourhood of Chamartín, Avenida de Alfonso XIII, is named after him. Victoria's brother Leopold was a haemophiliac, so there was a 50 percent chance that Victoria was a carrier of the trait. [28] A street in Merthyr Tydfil, in Wales, was built especially to house Spanish immigrants in the mining industry and named Alphonso Street after Alfonso XIII.[29]. On 28 January 1930, amid economic problems, general unpopularity and an impending putschist plot led by General Manuel Goded[17] of which Alfonso XIII was most probably aware,[18] Miguel Primo de Rivera was forced to resign, exiling to Paris, only to die a few weeks later of the complications from diabetes in combination with the effects of a flu. It is believed that one of Alfonso's main reasons for supporting the coup was his desire to suppress the publication of the damning Cortes report into the Annual disaster. [citation needed] On 12 April, the monarchic parties won a thin majority but lost in major cities in the 1931 municipal elections, which were perceived as a plebiscite on monarchy. Il adopte le titre de courtoisie de « duc de Tolède ». Le 6 avril 1904, un pétard explose à Barcelone sous le portique d'une maison où allait passer Alphonse XIII, et l'on acquit la certitu… Alfonso's mother, Maria Christina of Austria, served as regent until he assumed full powers on his sixteenth birthday in 1902. Ley aprobando el acta acusatoria contra D. Alfonso de Borbón Habsurgo-Lorena, dictando sentencia condenatoria en la forma que se inserta. Le 10 janvier 1903, il essuie un coup de feu en voiture.Le 23 janvier 1904, on trouve une bombe dans ses appartements au palais de Madrid. "Plaza Libertad: The face of Ilonggo History", "Muere Leandro de Borbón, hijo de Alfonso XIII, a los 87 años", "Discussion on the 1931 addition of Jerusalem arms", Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreichs Bayern, Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg, "Japan to Decorate King Alfonso Today; Emperor's Brother Nears Madrid With Collar of the Chrysanthemum for Spanish King,", "Grand Crosses of the Order of the Tower and Sword", "พระราชทานเครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์ที่ประเทศยุโรป (ต่อแผ่นที่ ๙ หน้า ๑๓๐)", "Real Biblioteca – Búsqueda por ex libris", Visit by Alphonso XIII to Deauville in 1922 (with images), Archduke Karl Pius of Austria, Prince of Tuscany, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alfonso_XIII&oldid=996445793, Legitimist pretenders to the French throne, Burials at Santa Maria in Monserrato degli Spagnoli, Burials in the Pantheon of Kings at El Escorial, Grand Masters of the Order of the Golden Fleece, Grand Masters of the Order of Isabella the Catholic, Recipients of the Order of Isabella the Catholic, Collars of the Order of Isabella the Catholic, Knights Grand Cross of the Order of Isabella the Catholic, Grand Masters of the Royal and Military Order of San Hermenegild, Recipients of the Royal and Military Order of Saint Hermenegild, Grand Crosses of the Royal and Military Order of San Hermenegild, Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown (Württemberg), Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2020, Articles with Spanish-language sources (es), Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Alfonso León Fernando María Jaime Isidro Pascual Antonio de Borbón y Habsburgo-Lorena, This page was last edited on 26 December 2020, at 17:35. He was the posthumous son of Alfonso XII of Spain, who had died in November 1885, and became King of Spain upon his birth. He also supported the creation of a network of state-run lodges, paradores, in historic buildings of Spain. King Alfonso XIII was born on May 17, 1886. Alfonso and his wife Princess Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg (Ena) had seven children: Alfonso, Prince of Asturias (1907–1938); Infante Jaime, Duke of Segovia (1908–1975); Infanta Beatriz (1909–2002), Infante Fernando (stillborn); Infanta María Cristina (1911–1996); Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona (1913–1993) and Infante Gonzalo (1914–1934). He was a monarch from birth as his father, Alfonso XII, had died the previous year. Following World War I, Spain entered the lengthy yet victorious Rif War (1920–1926) to preserve its colonial rule over northern Morocco. On 10 May 1907, the couple's first child, Alfonso, Prince of Asturias, was born. He eventually settled in Rome. In Spain, the caudillo Franco ordered three days of national mourning. ». Sa famille quitte l'Espagne en train le lendemain. La régence est confiée à sa mère, femme respectée pour son comportement et sa dignité. He was a monarch from birth as his father, Alfonso XII, had died the previous year. Alphonse XII a eu au moins deux fils illégitimes avec la cantatrice Elena Sanz qui fut pensionnée par le roi. [13] With the Africanists comprising only a minority, it was clear that it was only a matter of time before the abandonistas forced the Spanish to give up on the Rif, which was part of the reason for the military coup d'état later in 1923. [citation needed] Nevertheless, it was abandoned by all political classes, as they felt betrayed by the king's support of the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera. Alors qu’Alphonse XIII et son épouse retournent au palais royal de Madrid après la célébration du mariage, un anarchiste, Mateo Morral, lance une bombe dissimulée dans un bouquet de fleurs face au numéro 88 de la Calle Mayor. [27] Selected others include Real Madrid, Real Sociedad, Real Betis, Real Unión, Espanyol and Real Zaragoza. Le roi renonce à rester à la tête de l'État mais n'abdique pas formellement. Cependant, l'opposition croît contre le dictateur, spécialement parmi les étudiants, les intellectuels et les artilleurs (ces derniers, opposés à la réforme du système de nomination). Spain was neutral and thus under no wartime censorship restrictions, so his illness and subsequent recovery were reported to the world, while flu outbreaks in the belligerent countries were concealed. En 1933, Alphonse XIII fait renoncer ses deux fils aînés à leurs droits au trône constitutionnel d'Espagne, sous prétexte de leur état de santé. Franco vota pour la candidature monarchique à Saragosse[7]. C’est donc avec soulagement qu’il accueillit les frères de sa fiancée, Léopold et Maurice de Battenberg , dont l’arrivée signalait le début de la procession nuptiale dans l’église de San Jeronimo. Les élections municipales n'avaient pas pour vocation de changer la forme politique de l'État. Alfonso was a promoter of tourism in Spain. Durant la dictature, on met un point final à la guerre du Maroc par le débarquement d'Al Hoceima en 1925 qui permet la conquête définitive du Rif en 1927. The poetic Generation of '27 as well as Catalan and Basque nationalism grew in this era. Le premier, Alphonse (1907-1938), est hémophile et donc d'une faible espérance de vie à l'époque[réf. Le roi déchu désigne alors comme son « successeur » leur frère cadet Jean (1913-1993), futur comte de Barcelone, en faveur duquel il « abdique » le 15 janvier 1941, prétendant laisser à ce fils le rôle de « chef de la maison royale ». Cette période est appelée « Dictablanda », dictature douce par rapport à la dictature dure antérieure. He grew up in and around Spain with his mother (she was an Austrian Princess) and his two sisters. Alphonse XIII, Roy d'Espagne Fils du Roi Alphonse XII de bourbon et de la Reine Marie- Christine d'Autriche, il fut le 41ième Roi d'Espagne. Meanwhile, the king aspired to take the lead in organizing an international peace conference in Madrid. Indépendamment, il signe une lettre à l'attention de son père — rédigée à l'avance par le secrétariat de ce dernier — par laquelle il renonce à ses droits (le motif invoqué est le choix par le prince des Asturies d'une épouse « n'appartenant pas à la condition que les anciennes lois espagnoles et les convenances de la cause monarchique, qui importent tant pour le bien de l'Espagne, requerraient » : allusion à la Pragmatique sanction de 1776 sur les unions dites inégales) quelques jours avant d'épouser Edelmira Sampedro Robato, une roturière (il récusera cette renonciation quelques années plus tard[23]). Ces deux enfants ne possédaient aucun … There he met Princess Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg, the daughter of Edward's youngest sister Princess Beatrice, and a granddaughter of Queen Victoria. His mom was the previous Queen of Spain and his dad was the deceased Ruler Alfonso XII. A plaza or town center in Iloilo City, Philippines (now Plaza Libertad) was named in his honour called Plaza Alfonso XIII. [24] His funeral was held in Rome in the Church of Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri. Fils de commerçant en laines et tissus, Alphonse a connu Pierre Favre, un des premiers jésuites, lorsque, de passage à Ségovie en 1541 pour une mission populaire, ce dernier logea chez ses parents et prépara Alphonse à faire sa première communion.. À 13 ans Alphonse se trouve avec son frère aîné Diego à Alcala pour y étudier. [63], King of Spain (1886-1941) (ruled 1886-1931), Ending part of the renouncement manuscript, Guidon (Military Flag) of King Alfonso XIII, Renunciation of claims to the defunct throne and death. De son mariage avec la princesse Victoire-Eugénie de Battenberg, le roi eut sept enfants : Alphonse XIII a laissé plusieurs enfants naturels : Alphonse XIII enfant sur un timbre-poste des années 1890. Alfonso XIII appears as "King Buby" in Luis Coloma's story of Ratoncito Pérez (1894), which was written for the King when he was 8 years old. There were obstacles to the marriage. Alfonso and Victoria were married at the Royal Monastery of San Jerónimo in Madrid on 31 May 1906, with British royalty in attendance, including Victoria's cousins the Prince and Princess of Wales (later King George V and Queen Mary). (The Nationalist army included many Carlist supporters of a rival pretender.) Par décret royal du 4 janvier 1928, il le nomma directeur de l'Académie générale militaire récemment créée. His mother was the former Queen of Spain and his father was the deceased King Alfonso XII. This office used the Spanish diplomatic and military network abroad to intercede for thousands of POWs – transmitting and receiving letters for them, and other services. As the wedding procession returned to the palace, he threw a bomb from a window which killed 30 bystanders and members of the procession, while 100 others were wounded.[6]. Alphonse XIII avait épousé en 1906 la princesse Victoire-Eugénie, dite « Ena » de Battenberg. Alfonso left the country on night of the 14 to 15 April as the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed earlier that day in order to avoid a civil war but did not formally abdicate. [4] He took his oath to the constitution before members of the Cortes on 17 May. The political and social turbulence that began with the Spanish–American War prevented the turnaround parties from establishing a true liberal democracy, which led to the establishment of the dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera. This gave the misleading impression that Spain was the most-affected area and led to the pandemic being dubbed "the Spanish Flu."[10]. his wife was British, his mother Austrian, amongst other family relationships. The wedding was marked by an assassination attempt on Alfonso and Victoria by Catalan anarchist Mateu Morral. Alphonse XIII (1886-1941), enfant posthume et roi dès sa naissance le 17 mai 1886, sous la régence de sa mère jusqu'en 1902. Fils posthume du roi Alphonse XII, Alphonse XIII règne alors que la régence est confiée à sa mère Marie-Christine d'Autriche jusqu'à sa majorité, en 1902. Le 10 janvier 1903, il essuie un coup de feu en voiture. (…) Tu seras un jour chef de la Maison de France ; après toi ce sera ton fils aîné »[21]. La Constitution de 1876, alors en vigueur, ne prévoyait évidemment pas qu'une telle consultation pût entraîner la chute de la monarchie. When the Army rose up against the democratically elected Republican Government [23] and war broke out, Alfonso made it clear he favoured the Nationalist military rebels against the Republic, but in September 1936 the Nationalist leader, General Francisco Franco, declared that the Nationalists would not restore Alfonso as king. Qui est Louis XIII ? By a law of 26 November 1931, Alfonso was accused by the Cortes of high treason. [2] His mother, Maria Christina of Austria, served as his regent until his 16th birthday. The story of Ratoncito Pérez has been adapted into further literary works and movies since then, with the character of Alfonso XIII appearing in some. Franco s'entretint personnellement avec le roi de la retraite du Maroc. By 1905, Alfonso was looking for a suitable consort. Devenu le 29 septembre 1936 le chef de la maison de Bourbon — jefe de la Casa de Borbón, en sus dos ramas principales, comme il se déclarait lui-même[9],[10],[11],[12],[13] —, Alphonse XIII se départit de ce fait de la brisure d'Anjou (la bordure de gueules autour des armes de France, sur le tout des armes d'Espagne), comme le lui suggéra[14],[15] l'héraldiste et historien suisse[16] Heinrich-Karl Zeininger von Borja, qui s'était mis à son service[17],[N 1]. Il m'a trahi et trompé tout le temps, « Petit fils aîné de Louis XIV, petit-fils aîné de Philippe V je suis chef de la Maison de France, chef de la Maison d'Espagne. Il est enterré dans l'église Sainte-Marie de Montserrat des Espagnols. Alphonse XIII Alphonse XIII Alphonse XIII (Madrid 1886-Rome 1941), roi d'Espagne (1886-1931), fils posthume d'Alphonse XII. Alfonso XIII is also mentioned on the plaque to Ratoncito Pérez on the second floor of "la calle del Arenal". Neither of the two daughters born to the King and Queen were haemophilia carriers, but another of their sons, Gonzalo (1914–1934), had the condition. He left Spain voluntarily after the municipal elections of April 1931, which were taken as a plebiscite on abolishing the monarchy. Le roi fonde cet organisme séparément du gouvernement afin de ne pas compromettre sa neutralité. Presumedly, Alfonso XIII had other illegimate daughter. Un des facteurs déclencheurs fut le mécontentement de la population face à la guerre du Maroc. His mother was the former Queen of Spain and his father was the deceased King Alfonso XII. Kempińska-Mirosławska, B., & Woźniak-Kosek, A. En 1939, cet ambitieux sans véritables convictions politiques était devenu le maître de l'Espagne, inaugurant une longue dictature. He ruled as a dictator with Alfonso's support until 1930. Il soutient les démarches de paix entreprises par l'empereur Charles Ier d'Autriche par l'intermédiaire des princes François-Xavier de Bourbon-Parme et Sixte de Bourbon-Parme. On 29 September 1936, upon the death of Infante Alfonso Carlos, Duke of San Jaime, the Carlist pretender, Alfonso also became the senior heir of Hugh Capet and so was hailed by some French legitimists as King Alphonse I of France and Navarre. Un directoire civil est ajouté plus tard en 1925. L'agitation dans le Nord du Maroc, dans les protectorats espagnol et français, conduit d'ailleurs à la sanglante guerre du Rif. Biographie de Alfonso XIII Alphonse XIII (1886-1941) fut roi d'Espagne de 1886 à 1931. [8] The King established an office for assistance to prisoners of war on all sides. Prétendant aux trônes de France et de Navarre, 29 septembre 1936 – 28 février 1941(4 ans, 4 mois et 30 jours). Alfonso was born at Royal Palace of Madrid in Madrid on 17 May 1886. Le 17 mai 1902, Alphonse XIII monta sur le trône.
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