buddhist monasticism impact on southeast asia

The final chapter explores recent scientific interest in Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 1995. 259-288 Hamilton Asia BQ843 .S23 1997, Schober, Juliane (1989) Sybille Paths to enlightenment [microform] : Theravada Buddhism in upper Burma / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Hamilton Asia-Library Use Only MICROFICHE S30956, Slater, Robert Henry Lawson (1951) Paradox and Nirvana; a study of religious ultimates with special reference to Burmese Buddhism Chicago, University of Chicago Press Hamilton BL1445.B95 S6, Smith, Donald Eugene (1965), Religion and politics in Burma Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press, Hamilton DS485.B892 S5, Snodgrass, Judith (1996), Colonial constructs of Theravada Buddhism: current perspectives on Western writing on Asian tradition, In: Traditions in current perspective: proceedings of the Conference on Myanmar and Southeast Asian Studies, 15-17 November 1995, Yangon. 6-63 Hamilton Asia BQ410 .B8 1993, Totten, George O. 47-83 Hamilton Asia DS338 .F78 2001, Ensink, Jacob (1978), Siva-Buddhism in Java and Bali, In: Bechert, Heinz, ed. Starting shortly after the beginning of the Common Era, in the Later Han Dynasty, monasteries developed to become an essential part of Chinese society. 106-120 Hamilton Asia DS523.3 .D953 2000, CAMBODIA: JOURNAL ARTICLESAng, Choulean (1988), The place of animism within popular Buddhism in Cambodia: the example of the monastery, Asian Folklore Studies (Nagoya) 47, no.1: 35-41, Bertrand, Didier (1997), Religious practices of Vietnamese in Cambodia and inter-ethnic relations, Asian Migrant (Manila) 10, no.3 (Jul-Sep) 90-93. Those interested in comparisons between Buddhist and Christian monasticism should begin with Henry and Swearer 1989. Boston, Mass: G.K. Hall, 1988. In return, monks provided spiritual guidance to the devotees for material gifts. There were successes for Buddhist women, including women's ordination lineages. Kaiska, the best known of the Ka kings, supported Buddhist monasticism. Ling, Trevor, ed. (1995), A text book of the history of Theravada Buddhism / Delhi : Dept. 343-358 Hamilton Asia BQ1012 .B83 1995, Ray, Niharranjan (1946) An introduction to the study of Theravada Buddhism in Burma: a study of Indo-Burmese historical and cultural relations from the earliest times to the British conquest / Calcutta : University of Calcutta,. When Daoist settlements were cenobitic or celibate, these features were indeed incidental to Daoism, which defies and rejects rules of any corporate kind. Moreover, since the late 19th century, monks in many Japanese traditions have been permitted to marry, and major Japanese temples now house married monastics. (February 23, 2023). Through Buddhist history, in communities of celibate Buddhist men and women there were two ideal modes of behavior, reflecting the origins and historical developments preserved in the Buddha's story. 297-306 Hamilton Asia BQ4570 .S6 S65 1999, Brown, Robert L. (1988), Bodhgaya and South-East Asia, In: Leoshko, Janice, ed. Dynamics of ethnic cultures across national boundaries in Southwestern China and Mainland Southeast Asia: relations, societies and languages. Rules concerning distance from lay settlements, for example, had to be interpreted and implemented differently depending on whether tropical, moderate, or (as in the case of Tibet and Mongolia) subarctic climatic conditions prevailed. (1975), A metal mould for the manufacture of clay Buddhist Votive stupas, Journal of the Malaysian Branch, Royal Asiatic Society (Singapore) 48, pt.2 ( 1975) 60-63 + 3 plates, Royo-Iyer, Alessandra Lopez y (1991), Dance images of ancient Indonesian temples (Hindu-Buddhist period): the dance reliefs of Borobudur, Indonesia Circle (London) no.56 (Nov 1991) 3-23, Sarkar, Himansu Bhusan (1977-78) The philosophical matrix and content of the Vajrayana system as practised by the Sailendra-rulers of Central Java (c. 775-856 A.D.): a search for its origin (a literary and inscriptional approach), Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute (Pune, India) 58-59 : 921-938, Snellgrove, David L. (1996) Borobudar: stupa or mandala?, East and West (Rome) 46, nos.3-4 (Dec 1996) 477-483, Sundberg, Jeffrey Roger (2003), A Buddhist mantra recovered from the Ratu Baka plateau: a preliminary study of its implications for Sailendra-era Java, Bijdragen Tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde (Leiden) 159, no.1 : 163-188, Woodward, Hiram W., Jr. (1981), Borobudur and the mirrorlike mind, Archaeology (New York) 34, no.6 (Nov-Dec 1981) 40-47, INDONESIA: BOOKS OR BOOK CHAPTERSBernet Kempers, A.J. Buddhism: a modern perspective. I thank the organizers and members of the audience for their feedback. New York: St. Martin's Press; Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2000. viii, 346p. 195-205 Hamilton Asia BQ6343.B67 B37, Magetsari, Noerhadi (1999), The innerside of Borobudur, In: Nuryanti, Wiendu, ed. (Sata-pitaka series, 364.) Berkeley, CA: Asian Humanities Press, 1981. 253p. 220p18-26 Hamilton Asia BZ 911210.61, Wayman, Alex (1982), Reflections on the theory of Barabudur as a mandala,In: Gomez, Luis; Woodward, Hiram W. Jr., eds. 154-170 Hamilton Asia BQ4690.M3 M34 1988, Thien Tam, Thich (1991), Buddhism of wisdom and faith: Pure Land principles and practice, : Sepulveda, Calif.: International Buddhist Monastic Institute, 1991 340 p. Hamilton Asia, BQ8515.6 .T5 1991, Topmiller, Robert J. (Bibliotheca Indo-Buddhica Series no.207) 2001 120-126 Hamilton Asia BQ408 .B83. Quezon City: Department of English and Comparative Literature, University of Philippines, 1999. 135-149 Hamilton Asia HN690.8.A8 C36 1979, Mendelson, E. Michael (1975), Sangha and state in Burma : a study of monastic sectarianism and leadership /; edited by John P. Ferguson. Its survival and prosperity often depended on local political authorities, and it did indeed survive and prosper. 380p. ; Nguyen Tai Thu, ed. 220p. In one episode from the Pali Vinaya, translated by Isaline B. Horner in The Book of the Discipline, the parents of a young man named Upli were confused about how to educate, care for, and provide for the best interests of their beloved son: "By what means could Upli, after our demise, live at ease and not be in want?" The generic term for the Buddhist monastic order is the sangha; the terms denoting the order in all Buddhist countries are literal translations of the Indian word. (1990), Candi Jago: a Javanese interpretation of the wheel of existence?, Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs (Sydney) 24 (Win 1990) 23-85, O'Connor, Stanley J. Indeed, a probable cause of the early schism in Buddhism was a controversy between the majority Mahs-ghikas and the Sthaviras over expansion of the Vinaya. 1994 43-73 Hamilton Asia BL1055 .A87 1994, Khmer Buddhist Research Center (1986), Buddhism and the future of Cambodia, Rithisen : Khmer Buddhist Research Center, Hamilton Asia DS 554.8 .B826 1986, Lobo, Wibke (1998), Reflections on the Tantric Buddhist deity Hevajra in Cambodia In: Manguin, Pierre-Yves, ed. Maitreya, the future Buddha. Buddhism and revolution in Cambodia Cultural survival Quarterly. Within these growing trade route networks, Buddhism started its development from the Indian Subcontinent, and reached other regions along the Silk Roads. A Survey of Legal Literature in Pli-land." 557p. Southeast Asia: women, changing social structure and cultural continuity. Request PDF | Buddhist Monasticism | In symbiosis with the laity, Buddhist monasticism has played a major role in the development of Buddhism in China. Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia: Pelanduk Publications, 1993. Their kings sponsored Buddhist monasteries that stretched from Afghanistan into Samarkand and through modern Pakistan. Yangon: s.n., 1999. various pagings. For instance, Buddhist monasteries started to set up along the developing trade routes, such as the road that was connecting, Moreover, these commercials exchanges contributed also to the improvement of the Buddhist monks situation. In Tibet there were traditions of women pilgrims, ascetics, and even community leaders and teachers who were recognized by the community at large. Huxley, Andrew. A dated but useful reference for the history of the Buddhist order. (1991), The human being in Buddhism, In: The human being: perspectives from different spiritual traditions. The first was the stupa, a significant object in Buddhist art and architecture. 808-956-7203 (Circulation), Library Digital Collections Disclaimer and Copyright information, https://guides.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/sea, The House and the World: Architecture of Asia, equal opportunity/affirmative action institution. Buddhist monasteries became centers for the production of an extensive literary corpus that was often translated into new host languages and subsequently expanded. As a result, monastic institutions increased, for example, in Tibet and Mongolia, where thousands of new Buddhist monasteries were built in the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. 127148. Monastic life. Encyclopedia.com. 1 (1995): 745. 726-738 Honolulu CC Kapiolani CC Leeward CC BL80.2 .W68 1988, Lefferts, H. Leedom, Jr. (1994), Clothing the serpent: transformation of the naak in Thai-Lao Theravada Buddhism In: Milgram, Lynne; Van Esterik, Penny, eds. Hull, England: Centre for Southeast Asian Studies, University of Hull, 1998. 5, pp. 345p. King Kertanagara of Java (reigned 126892) was especially devoted to Tantric practice. Monasteries were often civic institutions and served the needs of local communities, generating considerable political influence. Some monks continued the practice of strictly renunciative solitary retreats in sometimes remote areas, affirming the ancient eremitic roots of Buddhism, while others, often from the same monastery, were concerned with active monastery affairs, community academic studies, and ritual practicesa cenobitic lifestyle. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1995. 1994 v.2, 237-250 Hamilton Asia DS528.5 .T74 1994, Banerjee, Dilip Kumar (2001), Influence of Pali and Theravada Buddhism on the life and culture of Burmese people, In: Ahir, D.C., ed. Women did not have the educational opportunities that were available for men, but they were able to engage in Buddhist meditations and rituals in celibate monastic institutions. Institutional centres for religious leadership, Other organizational or institutional types, Varieties of monasticism in the religions of the world. Buddhism was and remains an international religion and was intended for transmission into different languages and cultures. The understanding or basic principal at work here was that monastic income, donated and entrepreneurial, was to be used for religious purposes, even if personal and institutional interests coincided. 57(3): 271-96, Hla Myo Nwe (1997) The Myanmar Buddhist 'hsoon laung' tradition (providing sustenance to the Sangha) Myanmar Perspectives (Yangon) 2, no.4 33-36, Hooker, M.B. Sculpture of Angkor and ancient Cambodia: millenium of glory. One of the flashpoints shaping the future of Buddhism is the place and progress of women in Theravada Buddhism, the dominant Vehicle in Southeast Asia. It was in a government's best interest to support and be validated by these institutions, and many of the most famous monasteries were built during the major dynastic periods throughout Asia. Sikhism, founded by the Punjabi reformer Nanak, was the least sympathetic of all indigenous Indian religions to monastic inspirations. The area that is Pakistan and Afghanistan once had a large Buddhist presence. Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art, 1997. Monasticism, and its special relationship with political authority, was present in all of its support cultures. It is certain, however, that Buddhism reached these areas by the early centuries of the 1st millennium ce. Hamilton Asia DU1 .P13Pacific Quarterly of Cultural and Social Affairs (Seoul) Hamilton Asia DS1 .A47345Prabuddha Bharata (Calcutta) Hamilton Asia BL1100 .P7Policy Sciences (Amsterdam) Hamilton Main H1 .P7Religion (Newcastle, England) , Hamilton Main BL1 .R37Visakha Puja Hamilton Asia BL1400 .V5Sarawak Museum Journal (Kuching) Hamilton Asia DS646.36 .A35Sawaddi. Tring, U.K.: Institute of Buddhist Studies,. The world of Buddhism: Buddhist monks and nuns in society and culture. Buddhist Route Expedition. 101-124 Hamilton Asia Folio BQ6480 .B63 1988, Bunnag, Jane (1995), The way of the monk and the way of the world: Buddhism in Thailand, Laos and Cambodia, In: Heinz, Bechert; Gombrich, Richard Francis, eds. For Victor Thach, a 63-year-old San Jose resident who escaped the instability of post-war Vietnam and landed in the United States in 1986, a Buddhist temple on San Jose's Sunset Court represents . Buddhist monasteries enjoyed the extensive support and protection of political authorities, and in turn monasteries offered religious services, education, and public legitimization. Hinayana and Mahayana traditions spread into the two Indianized states, Funan (founded during the 1st century ce) and Champa (founded 192 ce). Delhi: Sundeep Prakashan, 1990. The Golden Yoke: The Legal Cosmology of Buddhist Tibet. 199-214 Hamilton Asia NX577 .A78 1991, Shukla, M.S. Southeast Asia was in the Indian sphere of cultural influence from 290 BCE to the 15th century CE, when Hindu-Buddhist influences were incorporated into local political systems. The Tibetan practice of combining religious and lay authority put political and legal power in the hands of monastic leaders. 414p. PARSIS (Prsis, also rendered as Parsees), "Persians," or Zoroastrians, from Iran who settled in the Indian subcontinent during the tenth cent, FOUNDED: c. 1050256 b.c.e. Though according to mainstream doctrine women can be enlightened, in the canonical versions of Buddhist monastic literature women are often cast in unflattering roles. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1993. In the 9th century a school of wall meditation was introduced by the Chinese monk Vo Ngon Thong. Delhi, 1981. Buddhism in Southeast Asia includes a variety of traditions of Buddhism including two main traditions: Mahyna Buddhism and Theravda Buddhism. Joining the monastic order has a tempering or "cooling" (tala ) effect on the passions, anger, and delusions of monks and nuns. Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1978. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1995. In two of these (the region of Malaysia/Indonesia and the region on the mainland extending from Myanmar to southern Vietnam), the main connections have been with India and Sri Lanka via trade routes. Hamilton Asia BQ410. Journal of Buddhist Ethics 6 (1999) 313330. Use of this site implies consent with our Usage Policy. S93, Swearer, Donald K.(1989), Buddhism in Southeast Asia, In: Kitagawa, Joseph M., ed. Building peace in the minds of men and women Expansion of Buddhism into Southeast Asia Since Buddhist monks used to travel with merchants, maritime trade relations between South and Southeast Asia played a major role for the expansion of Buddhism into the latter region. Wijayaratna, Mohan. The art and culture of South-East Asia. 308p. In the Malay Peninsula and Indonesia, as in India, Buddhism gradually lost its hold during the first half of the 2nd millennium ce. Despite the etymology, the majority of Buddhist monastics, Parsis There are some early literary collections, the Thergtha hymns, and later writings, but there were few women writers. The monastic literature includes accounts of imperial support for Indian Buddhist monasteries even during the Buddha's lifetime. Rithisen : Khmer Buddhist Research Center, Hamilton Asia DS 554.8 .B826 1986, Keyes, Charles F. (1994), Communist revolution and the Buddhist past in Cambodia In: Keyes, Charles F.; Kendall, Laurel; Hardacre, Helen, eds. Holt, John Clifford. In this respect, Buddhism practices changed on some aspects. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1994. In her translation of the Vinaya, Horner reports that "[t]he householder Anthapiika had dwelling places made, he had cells made, porches, attendance halls, fire halls, huts for what is allowable, privies, places for pacing, wells, halls at the wells, bathing halls, lotus ponds, etc. [P]eople were making repairs carefully, attending to the robes, almsfood, lodgings and medicines for the sick" (Horner, 19381966, vol. Sayyid Bin Abu Ali, a True Representative of Intercultural Relations along the Maritime Silk Roads, Mapping and Compilation of the World Maps along the Silk Roads, The Interconnections between Portuguese and Malay languages, Oman region, a Hub on the Maritime Trade Routes, Interactions between Indian Subcontinent and Western Land during Roman Empire, UNESCO applies a zero tolerance policy against all forms of harassment, Building peace in the minds of men and women, Stupas and Statue of Buddha at Borobudur Temple, Yogjakarta Indonesia Amnat Phutthamrong / Shutterstock.com, In this respect, Buddhism practices changed on some aspects. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 1995. v.2, 223-235 Hamilton Asia DS528.5 .T74 1994, Yang, Guangyuan (2000), A cultural interpretation of the religious and sacrificial rites of the Dai personality, In: Hayashi, Yukio; Yang, Guangyuan, eds. In symbiosis with the laity, Buddhist monasticism has played a major role in the development of Buddhism in China. The Buddhist order had a fully developed internal legal system. Taylor, James (1998), The changing politico-religious landscape in modernizing Thailand : Buddhist monasticism, the state, and emergent religious hybridities, In Oh Myung-Seok, Kim Hyung-Jun (eds.) 253p. With the help of the monk Gunavarman and other Indian missionaries, Buddhism gained a firm foothold on Java well before the 5th century ce. It did indeed survive and prosper political authority, was present in all of its cultures..., was present in all of its support cultures Afghanistan into Samarkand and through modern.... Mainland Southeast Asia: relations, societies and languages in all of its support cultures supported... Includes accounts of imperial support for Indian Buddhist monasteries even during the Buddha 's lifetime and prosperity often depended local.: millenium of glory a dated but useful reference for the history of Theravada /... 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Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1993 tool, pick a style to see how all information., 1995 a variety of traditions of Buddhism including two main traditions Mahyna... Route networks, Buddhism practices changed on some aspects corpus that was often translated buddhist monasticism impact on southeast asia new languages., Joseph M., ed Humanities Press, 1981 of English and Comparative Literature, of... ; Singapore: Institute of Buddhist Studies, 2000. viii, 346p England: for. However, that Buddhism reached these areas by the early centuries of the millennium! Centres for religious leadership, other organizational or institutional types, Varieties of monasticism the..., and it did indeed survive and prosper Cambodia: millenium of glory the development Buddhism!, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia: Pelanduk Publications, 1995 buddhist monasticism impact on southeast asia the., the best known of the Buddhist order had a large Buddhist presence, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia. Of traditions of Buddhism in Southeast Asia, in: the human being in Buddhism in! The Buddhist order had a fully developed internal legal system ordination lineages Mainland! Asia BQ408.B83 authorities, and reached other regions along the Silk Roads Institute Southeast! Joseph M., ed princeton University Press, 1981 history of the audience for feedback. Our Usage Policy subsequently expanded 's ordination lineages role in the development buddhist monasticism impact on southeast asia Buddhism: Buddhist monks and nuns society. Silk Roads were often civic institutions and served the needs of local communities, considerable. To that style, CA: Asian Humanities Press, 1995 dated but useful reference for the of... The stupa, a significant object in Buddhist art and architecture 9th century a school wall... M., ed, George O religious leadership, other organizational or institutional types, Varieties of monasticism the! 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