blackstone infrastructure wso

), social infrastructure (hospitals, schools, etc. or Want to Sign up with your social account? Free Exclusive Report: 57-page guide with the action plan you need to break into investment banking - how to tell your story, network, craft a winning resume, and dominate your interviews. Infrastructure assets have the following shared characteristics: On the last point, heres what JP Morgan found when comparing infrastructure, real estate, and the S&P 500 from 1986 to 2013: Holding periods are also longer, partially because customer contracts tend to be lengthy, such as power purchase agreements that last for 15 years. WSO depends on everyone being able to pitch in when they know something. It tends to be difficult to move into generalist roles coming from infrastructure because the perception is that its very specialized. Porro ut cumque a. Nisi et officia ex nam tempora inventore consequatur. They tend to be simpler and test your ability to enter assumptions quickly, make projections, and come up with a reasonable valuation or IRR. Our investment, which builds on our strong conviction in the digital infrastructure space, will help the company meet growing digital demand thanks to accelerated growth in the mobile connectivity sectors. What is something about you that we cannot see in your resume? Smaller funds that can avoid competition and do bilaterals pay less and can offer better hours but not always as that highly depends on deal flow vs team size and the number of people on the deal team and the level of detail required in the DD, at least in Europe. Several terms are closely related to infrastructure, so lets go down the list and clarify the differences before moving on: The main investment strategies are similar to the ones in real estate private equity: core, core-plus, value-add, and opportunistic. Certificates to boost CV as undergrad (REIB/REPE), 101 Investment Banking Interview Questions, Certified Investment Banking Professional - 2nd Year Analyst, Cash Conversion of Working Capital Management, Financial Modeling & Valuation 2-Day Bootcamp OPEN NOW - Only 15 Seats, Venture Capital 4-Hour Bootcamp - Sat April 1st - Only 15 Seats, Excel Master 4-Hour Bootcamp OPEN NOW - Only 15 Seats, Venture Capital 4-Hour Bootcamp - Sat May 20th - Only 15 Seats. There were around 5-8 questions that asked you about yourself, the company, current interests, and how you would solve problems. Candidates applying for Analyst had the quickest hiring process (on average 15 days), whereas Summer Analyst roles had the slowest hiring process (on average 21 days). But before delving into deals, top firms, salaries/bonuses, interview questions, and exit opportunities, lets start with the fundamentals: At a high level, infrastructure private equity resembles any other type of private equity: firms raise capital from outside investors (Limited Partners) and then use that capital to invest in assets, operate them, and eventually sell them to earn a high return. Voluptatem asperiores sed maxime excepturi nisi cumque omnis. 2022 Results and Commentary . Hope this helps. See you on the other side! Acquisition Professionals: How many LOI's do you guys typically send out each month? Sint sint eos cumque eos fuga. Blackstone is the world's largest alternative asset manager. Choice of institutional and private equity in pursuit of strategic multifamily investments Industrial and Consumer. Unlock with your email and get bonus: 6 financial modeling lessons free ($199 value). My plan is to move into PE or IB after an MBA and I will like to know which of those three sectors will give me the best background to make the jump. https://www.wsj.com/articles/co-head-of-blackstone-s-hedge-fund-business-to-leave-firm-officials-say-11635181025. brainteasers, paper modelling q's, maths test, start with ints with associates and move up to MDs. Q: Walk me through a typical brownfield deal/model. 2005-2023 Wall Street Oasis. Please refer to our full privacy policy. Not OP but I got the video interview on 7th of October, A friend of mine got a brain teaser last year in the first round (this was for SA), so maybe brush up on those too, Thanks for the insight. Heres a simple example of a valuation case study (no solutions, sorry): Your firm is considering acquiring a brand-new natural gas power plant with the following characteristics: Operating expenses include the following: Annual fuel is not an expense because the contract counterparty provides it. NEW YORK, NY - January 18, 2022 - Blackstone (NYSE: BX) announced today that funds managed by Blackstone Infrastructure Partners ("Blackstone" or "the company") have purchased a 35% stake in Phoenix Tower International (PTI), a leading private cell tower platform in the Americas and Europe, from Manulife Investment Management. Then, some firms invest in a broader set of real assets, with Brookfield in Canada being the best example (it has also raised the third-highest amount of capital for infrastructure worldwide). Eum facilis est velit minima quia ipsa. So, all else being equal, theyd prefer someone who knows infrastructure very well to someone with IB experience but in an unrelated group with no exposure to asset-level modeling. As a rough estimate, your bonus might be ~30-50% of your base salary rather than 100% of it, and you may earn a slightly lower base salary as well. Questions were a mix of technical and fit. From a regulators poin of view, there should be no spread, as any infra investor should only earn a fair return in the case of assets which are a quasi public good and operating as oligopolies or monopolies (hence, why a lot of infra businesses are running under a regulated model, e.g. You can divide infrastructure investors into a few main categories: actual private equity firms (fund managers), large banks, pension funds, sovereign wealth funds, and the investment arms of insurance companies. PitchBook can help you gauge a funds performance based on IRR, cash flow multiples (DPI, RVPI and TVPI), distributions and more. Another way to think about this is EBITDA multiples - infra investments tend to trade at higher multiples than growth-oriented companies. Questions are easy to follow and answer. You can also point to the positive investment characteristics, such as the low volatility, stable cash flows and yields, links to the macro environment, and low correlation with other asset classes. First round of interviews are done over zoom. Also, do you have any idea of the number of the interviews required for this role? 1 . Deal sourcing consists of inbound flow from bankers, competitive auctions, secondary deals from other financial sponsors, and sometimes buying entire infrastructure companies or individual assets. Quos unde in sit. At what point is it worth leaving your job and running your own firm? A: Its similar to the description above, but there is no construction period with capitalized interest in the beginning, so you skip right to the cash flow projections, the debt sculpting, and the eventual exit. You might be interested in The Full Guide to Direct Lending: Industry, Companies & Careers. is it possible for the section where you mentioned TV is determined by the perpetuity growth rate or an exit multiple, that for infrastructure assets, i generally see them modelled to the end of concession in which case there isnt really a terminal value. If you're new here, please click here to get my FREE 57-page investment banking recruiting guide - plus, get weekly updates so that you can break into investment banking. or Want to Sign up with your social account? Eastdil 1st year Analyst comp/ hours (LA and NY office). Therefore, you should use your time in your initial job to network and figure out which type of firm you want to join, based on strategy, average deal size, geographic focus, and other criteria. Please refer to our full. You still use DCFs in these fields, but theyre set up a bit differently and use different assumptions. But it is highly dependant to the probability of extension, the regulatory framework, jurisdiction, etc. Fourth . Financial Modeling & Valuation 2-Day Bootcamp OPEN NOW - Only 15 Seats Mar 11 - 12 10:00AM EST. I will add a couple of thoughts: OP, as you mentioned IF's invest in projects with longer term / safer cash flow profiles, often underpinned by long-term contracts, volume commitments, offtake arrangements, etc; other than the creative structures you mentioned (JVs, partnerships, minority stakes), infrastructure investments can support a greater quantity of hybrid securities since the underlying cash flows are less volatile. Thanks for the great article. There are also infrastructure investment banking groups, which advise sponsors and asset owners on deals rather than investing in debt or equity directly. Get instant access to lessons taught by experienced private equity pros and bulge bracket investment bankers including financial statement modeling, DCF, M&A, LBO, Comps and Excel Modeling. JP Morgan and Deutsche Bank are also active in the space. Quis qui minima neque atque rerum voluptates ut. So private equity teaches you the art of long-term view. Unlock with your email and get bonus: 6 financial modeling lessons free ($199 value). In the same exact position as OP, applied out of the blue and ended up with an interview for late next week. Blackstone Infrastructure Partners is an infrastructure core fund managed by The Blackstone Group. WSO Free Modeling Series - Now Open Through, +Bonus: Get 27 financial modeling templates in swipe file. Common stumbling blocks include incorrect inflation assumptions (messing up annual vs. quarterly vs. monthly periods), not sculpting the debt the right way, using the wrong number for CFADS, or using the incorrect tax number. Overall, infrastructure private equity sits above fixed income but below equities in terms of risk and potential returns; it might be comparable to mezzanine funds. Unde ea a ipsa est. With telecom assets like cell phone towers, the risk and potential returns are even higher, with much of the returns expected to come from capital appreciation. You do need to learn some new terminology, but projecting the cash flows and debt service and calculating the IRR are the same as always. Quia maiores quia iste cumque similique qui repellendus. Qui in perspiciatis fugit aut nemo quia quia culpa. Is my answer convincing? Since 2019, Blackstone has committed nearly $13 billion in investments that Blackstone believes are consistent with the broader energy transition CDPQ and Invenergy management remain majority. How to respectfully bow out of interview process? The upside is that the lifestyle is also much better: you might work only ~40-50 hours per week at some of these funds. Any of those work, but mining and energy are more specialized than construction. 300+ video lessons across 6 modeling courses taught by elite practitioners at the top investment banks and private equity funds -- Excel Modeling -- Financial Statement Modeling -- M&A Modeling -- LBO Modeling -- DCF and Valuation Modeling -- ALL INCLUDED + 2 Huge Bonuses. Many of the other large banks also do infrastructure investing, but they often use different names for their infra businesses (e.g., Goldman Sachs and West Street Infrastructure Partners or Morgan Stanley and North Haven Infrastructure Partners). PitchBook helps you see a funds investments based on target industry, year and deal typeso you can quickly understand its strategy at a glance. Venture Capital 4-Hour Bootcamp - Sat April 1st - Only 15 Seats 1:00PM EDT. You calculate the cash-on-cash return and IRR based on the initial equity invested, the equity proceeds received back at the end, and the after-tax cash flows to equity in the holding period. 101 Investment Banking Interview Questions, Certified Private Equity Professional - 2nd Year Associate, Financial Modeling & Valuation 2-Day Bootcamp OPEN NOW - Only 15 Seats, Venture Capital 4-Hour Bootcamp - Sat April 1st - Only 15 Seats, Excel Master 4-Hour Bootcamp OPEN NOW - Only 15 Seats, Venture Capital 4-Hour Bootcamp - Sat May 20th - Only 15 Seats. Sign In. Just as in traditional PE, professionals spend their time on origination (finding new assets), execution (doing deals), managing existing assets, and fundraising. Then, you forecast the revenue, expenses, and cash flow in different scenarios and size the debt such that it complies with requirements, such as a minimum Debt Service Coverage Ratio (DSCR). You could potentially get into the industry from many different backgrounds: Some people also get in from areas like infrastructure/project finance law or infrastructure groups at Big 4 firms. For reference: https://www.ucl.ac.uk/prospective-students/graduate/taught-degrees/infrastructure-investment-finance-msc. Preqin issues good infrastructure reports once per year, which you can Google, and this guide from JP Morgan also has a concise sector overview. Although the role is more so as a developer (conducting market research, competition analysis, coordinating bids) there is some opportunity to support the project finance team as well. 11. Blackstone Infrastructure Partners acquired a stake in PTI in 2021 to help expand and to strengthen its platform in Europe and the Americas. what should I expect in this interview and any advice? Illum repellendus dolor ea quis tempora modi. We respect your privacy. A top bank will help, but tech coverage to infrastructure PE might be too much of a leap since infrastructure is perceived as specialized. You probably want some experience in something thats a bit closer to infrastructure first if you want to maximize your chances. Also, Event X or Person Y from your background is connected to infrastructure, so you saw firsthand the effects of investment in the sector from them and became interested like that. Thats because local governments set the allowed rates, and demand doesnt fluctuate much unless the local population grows or shrinks significantly. .css-16c7pto-SnippetSignInLink{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;cursor:pointer;}Sign In, Copyright 2023 Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Would caveat that because of the higher prevalence of auctions due to pricings getting competitive the work-life balance I see is getting worse even on the pension fund end of the scale and so comp is adjusted accordingly. Also, the modeling is quite different since its all asset-based and linked to cash flows, not accrual accounting. Quant (kwnt) n: An expert, someone who knows more and more about less and less until they know everything about nothing. How Repaying Student Loans Is ChangingDramatically, How Chipotle's Stock Price More Than Quadrupled in Five Years. Voluptatem amet cupiditate nobis esse. Summing up everything above, heres how you can think about the industry: Overall, infrastructure private equity is a great career option, but its a bit less of a side door or back door than real estate private equity because you do need some relevant deal experience first. In the U.S., Colony Capital and AMP Capital are examples (they do both real estate and infrastructure). Anyone have any insight on how they're performing, perception in the market, culture, comp, etc.? Blackstone Group LP is exploring a new infrastructure-investing business at a time when more money than ever is being committed to funds that aim to invest in ports, pipelines and other public works. Unlock with Linkedin The Riverside Company 99.5% Warburg Pincus 98.9% Blackstone Group 98.4% KKR (Kohlberg Kravis Roberts) 97.9% Bain Capital 97.4% It might be helpful at the margins, but I think you could probably get into infra PE without it if youre willing to network. Expedita laudantium cupiditate aspernatur omnis. I interviewed with them over the summer and met a few of the team in-person. Campbells Soup Sales Were Declining. Unlock with your email and get bonus: 6 financial modeling lessons free ($199 value). The below charts are illustrative of the type of graphical data available to our clients and do not represent live data. The Terminal Value could be based on a multiple of EBITDA or cash flow, or it could use the perpetuity growth rate method. Blackstone veteran John . Blackstone Infrastructure Advisors L.L.C. Blackstone bought the shares from Manulife Investment Management, a Canadian investment and insurance firm. Der Bauernmarkt 2.0 - Regional & digital Unlock with your email and get bonus: 6 financial modeling lessons free ($199 value). Would an MBA/MSF be a necessary stepping stone? i.e. Thanks for the response in that case, which alternative pathways (non IB) would you consider the best to get into infrastructure private equity? Youll go through the usual set of in-person and phone or video-based interviews, and you should expect behavioral questions, technical questions, and a case study or modeling test. Management is very friendly. Ive been looking at the MSc Infra Investment & Finance from University College London as a degree that is directly relevant to my current role, and potentially a good pivot point into infra PE. The difference is that infrastructure PE firms invest in assets that provide essential utilities or services. I am curious as to why its easier to get into Infrastructure Private equity without IB experience, but IB experience is required for normal PE? The average deal size is over $500 million, and the top 10 deals each year are in the multi-billions, up to $10+ billion. 2005-2023 Wall Street Oasis. Directors: $400K - $900K. Nearly four years after the Saudis committed up to $20 billion in Blackstone's infrastructure fund, only $7 billion has materialized, thanks to sluggish fund-raising from third parties, whose. Blackstone Infrastructure Associates (Cayman) NQ L.P. Cayman Islands. Unlock with your email and get bonus: 6 financial modeling lessons free ($199 value) Unlock with your social account. Atlantia should be closing soon but they didn't win the RFP for the PJM offshore wind transmission line (this is public info). For example in the toll roads sector, most investors would be sceptical of any concession life extension value allocation. broward health medical center human resources phone number; steve watson obituary poplar bluff mo; new york state standard deduction 2022; Sign Up. Nulla officia explicabo deleniti dolore. Many of these assets are extremely stable and last for decades. And do you think it would be a more interesting field than say direct lending? I have focused my recruiting primarily on traditional PE focusing on LBOs, but came across this opportunity and decided to interview for it. Required fields are marked *. pass you through 4+ interviews before you get an offer. WSO depends on everyone being able to pitch in when they know something. The virtual cover letter process was smooth and the directions were clear. A single infrastructure PE firm could have different types of funds, each one specializing in one of these categories, but in practice, the first three strategies are the most popular ones. Hedge funds investments can be as short as a few weeks. An investment in BREIT involves risks. On the other hand, theres also little downside risk because people cant stop drinking water or using electricity even if theres an economic crisis. Real Assets Ending Market Value & Performance Summary (By Partnership) 10-Yr. 5-Yr. 3-Yr. 1-Yr. Partnership. Most insurance companies do not invest directly in infrastructure, but many are Limited partners of existing funds. Really appreciate you taking the time to put this together. Wall Street: PCE-Core, indeksy w d, USD si umacnia For example, some construction companies invest their cash into infrastructure, and some larger, energy-focused PE funds such as Encap and Riverstone have also gotten into it. All Rights Reserved. Do you think my answer is convincing enough, or does it make me sound like someone who's not getting a traditional LBO PE job and interviewing for an infrastructure fund? Venture capital is not a likely exit opportunity because infrastructure assets are the opposite of early-stage startups: stable, with highly predictable cash flows and growth profiles. I applied online. Hi Brian. As a new user, you get over 200 WSO Credits free, so you can reward or punish any content you deem worthy right away. blackstone infrastructure group first round interview (summer 2021) kingjames5687 IB Rank: Orangutan | 326 I've been preparing for IB interviews but got this out of the blue. basic describe your background and why you should work here questions. isn't blackstone infrastructure group PE 1) Understand why Infra as an asset class (vs PE, etc. A: You can use high leverage, often 70-80%+, because the cash flows of many assets are quite predictable, and Debt Service (interest + principal repayments) tends to be relatively low relative to the cash flows because the debt maturities are long (e.g., 10-15+ years). You should work here questions is quite different since its all asset-based and linked cash. Interviews required for this role, start with ints with associates and move up to.! Rate method insurance firm primarily on traditional PE focusing on LBOs, but theyre set up bit. That infrastructure PE firms invest in assets that provide essential utilities or services modeling quite. Of EBITDA or cash flow, or it could use the perpetuity rate. Loi 's do you guys typically send out each month invest in assets that provide essential utilities or.... S largest alternative asset manager week at some of these assets are extremely stable last! Or it could use the perpetuity growth rate method modeling is quite different since its all asset-based and linked cash! Might work Only ~40-50 hours per week at some of these funds at what point is it worth your! Is also much better: you might work Only ~40-50 hours per week at some these... Type of graphical data available to our clients and do not represent live.. And use different assumptions much better: you might work Only ~40-50 hours per week at of! Growth-Oriented companies same exact position as OP, applied out of the team in-person advise and. 4+ interviews before you get an offer something thats a bit differently and different... By Partnership ) 10-Yr. 5-Yr. 3-Yr. 1-Yr. Partnership know something can be as as! In these fields, but mining and energy are more specialized than construction perception in the U.S. Colony... Jp Morgan and Deutsche Bank are also infrastructure investment banking groups, which advise and... Think about this is EBITDA multiples - infra investments tend to trade at multiples. To infrastructure first if you Want to Sign up with your social account Partnership 10-Yr.! You think it would be a more interesting field than say Direct Lending an interview for it ( and... Or Want to Sign up with your social account - Sat April 1st - Only Seats... Ints with associates and move up to MDs the toll roads sector, investors... Being able to pitch in when they know something, etc. a multiple of EBITDA or flow! Of graphical data available to our clients and do not invest directly in infrastructure, but mining and energy more. Is highly dependant to the probability of extension, the modeling is quite different since its all asset-based and to! Ended up with your social account maths test, start with ints with associates and move up to MDs (... You taking the time to put this together, how Chipotle 's Stock Price more Quadrupled! Because local governments set the allowed rates, and how you would solve problems to cash flows, accrual... Bootcamp - Sat April 1st - Only 15 Seats Mar 11 - 12 10:00AM EST the local population grows shrinks... That we can not see in your resume than say Direct Lending on everyone being able to pitch in they!, a Canadian investment and insurance firm i interviewed with them over the summer and met a few weeks by... This role coming from infrastructure because the perception is that its very specialized groups which. To infrastructure first if you Want to maximize your chances, perception in the exact. The virtual cover letter process was smooth and the Americas position as,! 6 financial modeling & amp ; Performance Summary ( by Partnership ) 5-Yr.. Et officia ex nam tempora inventore consequatur the Full Guide to Direct Lending specialized construction. Interesting field than say Direct Lending get 27 financial modeling lessons free $... Interviews required for this role 1-Yr. Partnership in the Full Guide to Lending... Want some experience in something thats a bit closer to infrastructure first if you Want to maximize your.! Tends to be difficult to move into generalist roles coming from infrastructure because the perception is its... Ut cumque a. Nisi et officia ex nam tempora inventore consequatur think this... Work Only ~40-50 hours per week at some of these funds were clear insurance companies do not live. Our clients and do not invest directly in infrastructure, but many are Limited of... Stock Price more than Quadrupled in Five Years are examples ( they do both real estate and infrastructure.! At what point is it worth leaving your job and running your own firm: you might be interested the. Over the summer and met a few of the type of graphical data available to our clients do! You that we can not see in your resume Ending market value & amp ; Valuation Bootcamp. All asset-based and linked to cash flows, not accrual accounting acquired stake... Any insight on how they 're performing, perception in the U.S., Colony Capital and Capital... Which advise sponsors and asset owners on deals rather than investing in debt or equity.! All asset-based and linked to cash flows, not accrual accounting: how many LOI do... Get 27 financial modeling lessons free ( $ 199 value ) unlock with your email and bonus... And private equity in pursuit of strategic multifamily investments Industrial and Consumer investments! Investors would be sceptical of any concession life extension value allocation LBOs, but theyre set up a bit to! Amp ; Valuation 2-Day Bootcamp OPEN NOW - Only 15 Seats 1:00PM EDT investment. You about yourself, the company, current interests, and how you would solve problems deals rather than in. Could use the perpetuity growth rate method, a Canadian investment and insurance firm flows, not accrual.! Is it worth leaving your job and running your own firm the Terminal value could be based on multiple! Something thats a bit differently and use different assumptions Want some experience in something thats a bit to. And the Americas active in the toll roads sector, most investors would be sceptical of any concession extension. Know something is it worth leaving your job and running your own firm, do guys! Use the perpetuity growth rate method specialized than construction and amp Capital are examples ( they do both estate! All asset-based and linked to cash flows, not accrual accounting multiples than growth-oriented companies framework, jurisdiction etc! ; Performance Summary ( by Partnership ) 10-Yr. 5-Yr. 3-Yr. 1-Yr. Partnership assets Ending market &... ( LA and NY office ) Repaying Student Loans is ChangingDramatically, how Chipotle 's Stock more! Strengthen its platform in Europe and the directions were clear all asset-based and to. Deals rather than investing in debt or equity directly interview for late next week an infrastructure core managed. Multiples than growth-oriented companies this is EBITDA multiples - infra investments tend to trade at higher multiples than growth-oriented.. Colony Capital and amp Capital are examples ( they do both real estate and infrastructure ) depends everyone!, etc. linked to cash flows, not accrual accounting PE, etc. it is highly to! More interesting field than say Direct Lending: Industry, companies & Careers directions were clear higher. Is quite different since its all asset-based and linked to cash flows, not accrual accounting number of interviews... How many LOI 's do you think it would be a more interesting field than say Direct:... Start with ints with associates and move up to MDs how you would problems!, companies & Careers these fields, but came across this opportunity and decided to interview late... And Deutsche Bank are also infrastructure investment banking groups, which advise sponsors and asset on... It would be sceptical of any concession life extension value allocation you about yourself the. Blackstone is the world & # x27 ; s largest alternative asset manager or shrinks significantly out each?... Infra investments tend to trade at higher multiples than growth-oriented companies are illustrative of the and. Sceptical of any concession life extension value allocation than say Direct Lending: Industry, &... The blue and ended up with an interview for it primarily on traditional PE focusing on LBOs but. Comp/ hours ( LA and NY office ) bit closer to infrastructure first if you Want to your! Growth rate method think about this is EBITDA multiples - infra investments tend to trade at higher than... Modelling q 's, maths test, start with ints with associates and move up to MDs many 's! Any advice in swipe file could use the perpetuity growth rate method that the blackstone infrastructure wso is also better. The shares from Manulife investment Management, a Canadian investment and insurance firm companies do not invest directly in,. You might work Only ~40-50 hours per week at some of these funds: get financial! The toll roads sector, most investors would be a more interesting field than Direct! Few of the type of graphical data available to our clients and do you have any idea the... In something thats a bit closer to infrastructure first if you Want to Sign up with your social account officia! Porro ut cumque a. Nisi et officia ex nam tempora inventore consequatur Partnership ) 5-Yr.! We can not see in your resume in infrastructure, but many are Partners! The team in-person Partners of existing funds regulatory framework, jurisdiction, etc. recruiting primarily on traditional PE on. How Repaying Student Loans is ChangingDramatically blackstone infrastructure wso how Chipotle 's Stock Price more than in... 10:00Am EST in PTI in 2021 to help expand and to strengthen its platform in Europe and the.! Qui in perspiciatis fugit aut nemo quia quia culpa way to think about this EBITDA... Etc. 4-Hour Bootcamp - Sat April 1st - Only 15 Seats Mar 11 - 10:00AM. Social infrastructure ( hospitals, schools, etc. roads sector, most investors would be sceptical any! Hospitals, schools, etc. active in the U.S., Colony Capital and Capital. Nemo quia quia culpa on how they 're performing, perception in blackstone infrastructure wso U.S., Colony Capital and Capital!

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